I-polyurethane adhesives - inkanyezi yesikhathi esizayo yokunamathela

I-polyurethane adhesive molecular chain iqukethe iqembu le-carbamate (-NHCOO-) noma iqembu le-isocyanate (-NCO), ihlukaniswe i-polyisocyanate ne-polyurethane izigaba ezimbili. , khiqiza amaqembu e-polyurethane noma i-polyurea, ukuze uthuthukise kakhulu amandla wesistimu futhi ufeze injongo yokubopha.

Izinamatheliso zinamathela kakhulu, zine-ejenti elaphayo ehlukahlukene, i-plasticizer, fillers, solvents, preservatives, stabilizers and coupling agents kanye nezinye izithasiselo ezilungisiwe. ukuphuma ngokulandelana, okwacebisa kakhulu imakethe yokunamathela.

1. Isimo sokuthuthuka

I-polyurethane adhesive iwuhlobo lokunamathisela oluphakathi nendawo eliphezulu, olunokuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana nomthelela, ukumelana namakhemikhali, ukumelana nokugqoka, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu ukumelana kwayo nezinga lokushisa eliphansi.Ngokulungisa impahla eluhlaza kanye nefomula, singakwazi ukuklama izinhlobonhlobo ze Izinamatheliso ze-polyurethane ezifanele ukubopha phakathi kwezinto ezihlukahlukene kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlukile.Ingcina ye-polyurethane yaqala ukusetshenziswa emkhakheni wezempi ngo-1947. Ngenkampani ye-Bayer, i-triphenyl methane triisocyanate yafakwa ngempumelelo ekuhlanganisweni kwensimbi nenjoloba, futhi yasetshenziswa emzileni. ithangi, elabeka isisekelo semboni yokunamathisela ye-polyurethane. I-Japan yethula ubuchwepheshe baseJalimane neMelika ngo-1954, yaqala ukukhiqiza izinto zokunamathisela ze-polyurethane ngo-1966, futhi yathuthukisa ngempumelelo izinamathiselo ze-vinyl polyurethane ezisekelwe emanzini, ezafakwa ekukhiqizeni izimboni ngo-1981. okwamanje, ucwaningo nokukhiqizwa kwezinamatheliso ze-polyurethane eJapane zisebenza kakhulu, futhi kanye ne-United States neNtshonalanga Yurophu, iJapane isibe umkhiqizi omkhulu nomthengisi we-polyurethane. imboni ehlukahlukene futhi esetshenziswa kabanzi.

Ngo-1956, iShayina yathuthukisa futhi yakhiqiza i-triphenyl methane triisocyanate (i-Lekner adhesive), futhi ngokushesha yakhiqiza i-toluene diisocyanate (TDI) kanye ne-adhesive enezingxenye ezimbili ze-solvent-based polyurethane, okusewuhlobo olukhulu kunazo zonke lwe-polyurethane adhesive e-China. yethula imigqa eminingi ethuthukisiwe yokukhiqiza kanye nemikhiqizo evela phesheya, lapho kudingeka inani elikhulu lezinto zokunamathisela ezenziwe nge-polyurethane ezingenisiwe ukuze lizisekele, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukuthuthukiswa kwezinamatheliso ze-polyurethane kumayunithi ocwaningo lwasekhaya.Ikakhulukazi ngemva kuka-1986, imboni ye-polyurethane eChina isingene enkathini. yentuthuko esheshayo.Eminyakeni yakamuva, intengo yeglue ye-polyurethane iyehla, futhi intengo yamanje yeglue ye-polyurethane ingaphezulu nje kwamaphesenti angama-20 kunaleyo yeglue ye-chloroprene, ehlinzeka ngezimo zokuthi i-polyurethane glue ingene emakethe ye-chloroprene glue.